Tiểu thuyết “Nghệ nhân và Margarita” của Mikhail Bulgakov trong tương quan với khuynh hướng văn học hiện thực xã hội chủ nghĩa thời kỳ Xô viết

Abstract

Mikhail Bulgakov was one of the best non-orthodox writers of Russian-Soviet literature from 1920 to 1940. The Master and Margarita is considered one of the masterpieces of twentieth-century human literature. Using the comparative method, this article examines Bulgakov’s immortal work in relation to contemporary mainstream literature, Socialist Realism, in terms of some characteristics such as authenticity, character type, and tone. Research results show that The Master and Margarita is a literary parody of Socialist Realism. It not only deconstructs totalitarian social models but also contains profound philosophical, aesthetic, religious, and artistic conceptions that transcend all times. Bulgakov’s talent and thinking, which were blocked by the limitations of contemporary society, have become a symbol of true art today.